Ceramic Resonators
Token Cuts Resonator Size and Cost
Token's Resonators are made of high stability piezoelectric ceramics that function as a mechanical resonator. This device has been developed to function as a reference signal generator. The frequency is primarily adjusted by the size and thickness of the ceramic element. With the advance of the IC technology, various equipment may be controlled by a single LSI (Large-Scale Integration) integrated circuit, such as the one-chip microprocessor.
Resonator can be used as the timing element in most microprocessor based equipment. In the future, more and more applications will use ceramic resonator because of its high stability non-adjustment performance, miniature size and cost savings.
Typical applications include TVs, VCRs, remote controls and toys, voice synthesizers, automotive electronic devices, copiers, telephones, cameras, communication equipment.
Token offers a full range of industry standard through hole and surface mount resonators both with and without internal capacitors. For standard Operating Temperatures (-20°C to 80°C), and for Automotive applications (-40°C to +125°C), with a wide range of frequencies and frequency stability options. Additionally, Token Application Engineering and Design capabilities allow for custom design and characterization requirements that meet the demands of most applications.
Download General Info. of Ceramic Resonators in PDF file.
Download complete Token Resonator Product Catalogue in PDF file (695KB).
Piezo Ceramics (MHz)
ThumbnailType and Description Type Frequency Range Murata Resonator (P/N)
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1 (ZTA) Completely Washable Epoxy Coated Dip 1.79~60.00 MHz CSA Token's MHz (ZTA) resonator series cover the frequency range of 1.79 MHz to 60.00 MHz with an initial frequency tolerance fo±0.5%, stability ±0.3% at operating temperature -20°C ~ +80°C, and aging tolerance ±0.3%. The tight tolerance frees the design engineers from having to use Quartz Crystals higher cost components and still achieve desired performance and reliability targets.
Download (ZTA) PDF (383KB) -
2 (ZTT) with Built-in Capacitor Dip 1.79~60.00 MHz CST Token produces miniaturized, high-performance ZTT resonator series using its superior fabrication, assembly and packaging technologies. The ZTT device offers frequency range from 1.79 MHz to 60.00 MHz with an initial frequency tolerance of ± 0.5%, stability tolerance ± 0.3% at -20°C ~ +80°C, and aging tolerance ± 0.3%. The ZTT resonator features built-in capacitance with 3 lead terminals to eliminates any need for external loading capacitors and reduces component count. These devices conform to the RoHS directive.
Download (ZTT) PDF (380KB) -
3 (ZTAC/ZTTC) Surface Mount Resonators Chip 1.79~50.00 MHz CSAC/CSTC Token ZTAC and ZTTC surface mount resonator series meet the frequency tolerance ±0.5%, temperature tolerance ±0.3% ~ ±0.4%, and aging tolerance ±0.3%. The ZTAC and ZTTC covers the frequency range of 1.79 MHz to 50.00 MHz. ZTTC series features a built-in load capacitance. This feature eliminates any need for external loading capacitors and reduces component count, increases reliability and reduces size. All ZTAC and ZTTC series are surface mount devices (Chips) with operating temperature range is -20°C to +80°C.
Download (ZTAC / ZTTC) PDF (428KB)
Piezo Ceramics (KHz)
ThumbnailType and Description Type Frequency Range Murata Resonator (P/N)
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1 (ZTB) for Remote Control and Microprocessor Series Dip 190~1250 kHz CSB The ZTB series owe their development to Token's expert technologies and the application of mass production techniques typically utilized in the manufacture of piezoelectric ceramic components. Because of their consistent high quality and high mechanical Q, the ZTB series are ideally suited to remote control unit and microprocessor applications.
Download (ZTB) PDF (371KB) -
2 (ZTBY) Surface Mountable Series SMD 375~1250 kHz CSBF The surface mountable resonator (ZTBY) is one of ZTB device series with the frequency range of 375 kHz to 1,250 kHz. Initial frequency tolerance is ± 0.5% which compares very favorably to the norminal ±2% ~ ±3% requirements of one chip microprocessors. Stability and Aging Tolerance narrows to ± 0.3%. The ZTBY Resonator provides reliable start up and stable oscillation in microprocessor circuits across a wide variety of applications.
Download (ZTBY) PDF (370KB) -
3 (ZTB 456F) for HI-FI Stereo Application Dip 456 kHz CSB456F ZTB 456F Multiplexers Series is designed to provide frequency modulation for HI-FI stereo application.
Download (ZTB 456F) PDF (334KB) -
4 (ZTB 500/503F) for TV Horizontal Synthesizer Circuits Dip 500/503 kHz CSB503F ZTB 456F Multiplexers Series is designed for TV horizontal synthesizer circuits.
Download (ZTB 500/503F) PDF (334KB) -
5 (ZTB 912F) for HI-FI Automobile Stereo Application Dip 912 kHz CSB912F The ZTB912F Multiplexers Series is specially designed to provide frequency modulation for HI-FI automobile stereo application.
Download (ZTB 912F) PDF (334KB)
Ceramic Housed Quartz Crystal
ThumbnailDescription Type Frequency Range Murata Resonator (P/N)
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1 (TACA) AT-Cut Strip Crystal Resonator SMD 7.600~40.000MHz - The TACA series incorporates a sub-miniature AT-cut strip crystal resonator housed in a miniature 4.0×2.5×1.2mm ceramic package.
Download (TACA) PDF (390KB)
Applications & Notice
Design Notice
Operating Temperature Ranges
The resonators should not be operated beyond the Operating Temperature Range specified in the catalog.
Changes/Drifts in Oscillating Frequency
Oscillating frequency may drift depending upon the controlling IC and/or external capacitors C1 and C2 used in the circuit design.
Token standard resonator is adjusted with our standard measuring circuit. There could be slight shift in frequency other types of IC are used.
When you require exact oscillation frequency in your application, we can adjust it with your specified circuit on request.
Fail-Safe Design for Equipment
When using The resonators, it is recommended that you build a protective failsafe circuit into your design to prevent equipment damage in the event that the resonator malfunctions or fails.
Abnormal Oscillation
The resonators are always accompanied by spurious resonances. Spurious oscillations or stoppage of oscillation may occur depending on the circuit design (IC used, frequency characteristics of the IC, supply voltage etc.) and/or environmental conditions. These factors should be taken into consideration when designing the circuit.
Stray Capacitance
Stray capacitances and insulation resistances on printed circuit boards may cause abnormal oscillation or stoppage of oscillation. These factors should be taken into consideration when designing the circuit.
Overvoltage Spikes & Electrostatic Discharges
Voltage spikes and electrostatic discharges may cause damage/malfunction or failures of the resonators.
Abnormal Mechanical Stresses
Abnormal or excess mechanical stresses such as vibration or shock should be avoided when handling or storing resonators to prevent damage and cracking.
Surface Mounting Consideration
In automated mounting of The resonators on printed circuit boards, any bending, expanding and pulling forces or shocks to the resonator should be kept to a minimum to prevent electrical failures and/or mechanical damage to the devices.
Prohibited Applications
- Flow Soldering should not be used to solder resonators.
- Please do not apply excess mechanical stress to the component and lead terminals at soldering.
- Ultrasonic Cleaning and Ultrasonic Welding should not be used on resonators to avoid possible damage.
- Avoid washing in water because it could deteriorate the resonator's performance characteristics.
- Avoid resin coating or potting for humidity protection because it could deteriorate the resonator's performance characteristics.
Download Applications & Notice in PDF file.
Crystal VS Ceramics
The majority of clock sources for microcontrollers can be grouped into two types: those based on mechanical resonant devices, such as crystals and ceramics, and those based on electrical phase-shift circuits such as RC (resistor, capacitor) oscillators. Ceramic and crystal resonator-based oscillators (mechanical) typically provide very high initial accuracy and a moderately low temperature coefficient.
Power consumption is another important consideration of oscillator selection. The power consumption of discrete component crystal-oscillator circuits is primarily determined by the feedback-amplifier supply current and by the in-circuit capacitance values used. The power consumption of amplifiers fabricated in CMOS is largely proportional to the operating frequency and can be expressed as a power-dissipation capacitance value.
Ceramic circuits typically specify larger load capacitance values than crystal circuits, and draw still more current than the crystal circuit using the same amplifier.
Advantage of Quartz Crystal
Good Frequency Accuracy and Good Stability Over Temperature.
Advantage of Ceramics
Cost Saving
Lower cost than crystal resonators.
Smaller Package Size
Miniaturized packaging technology results in very small mainstream packages. Built-in load capacitors are included in same miniature package.
Quicker Rise Up of Oscillation
Rise time is generally approx. 1/102 of a crystal resonator, significantly faster startup possible.
Drive Level Free Circuit Design
Due to better holding method of the ceramic element, drive level is not a concern for piezoelectric type resonators.
Variety of Characteristics
It is possible to control the material (type and amount ) used to make the ceramic material, allowing for various characteristics to be achieve.
Overtone Oscillation with No Tank
Materials used to make a ceramic material that naturally suppresses its own fundamental response and allows the third overtone response to be used as the oscillation frequency, without addition external tank circuit.
Replace the Crystal?
Piezoelectric resonators provide an attractive alternative to quartz crystals for oscillation frequency stabilization in many applications. Their low cost, mechanical ruggedness and small size often outweigh the reduced precision to which frequencies can be controlled, when compared to quartz devices. Token resonators are now available in surface mountable packages suitable for automated production processes.
Reducing cost is a key issue for any existing or new design. A popular avenue for cost reduction is replacing a crystal resonator with a ceramics, when possible.
The most important factor for this replacement is frequency tolerance. If your design can accept the looser frequency tolerance of a piezoelectric resonator, then you can gain the benefits offered by a modern ceramic resonator.
Besides cost reduction, ceramics offer impressive size reductions and included two built-in load capacitors. This allows for smaller PCB area to be used and less time in part placement (one part verse three with a crystal).
Download Crystal VS Ceramics in PDF file.